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Description
Afghan Leopard Gecko
Scientific Name: Eublepharis macularius afghanicus
Common Name: Afghan Leopard Gecko
Species Overview
Size: Adult Afghan Leopard Geckos typically reach 7–9 inches (18–23 cm) in length, with males generally larger and broader-headed than females. They are a naturally robust subspecies with proportionally longer limbs and a slightly slimmer tail than most captive-bred leopard gecko morphs.
Appearance: The Afghan Leopard Gecko is a naturally occurring subspecies of Eublepharis macularius, originating from the mountainous regions of Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. It is distinguished by its paler base colour—often sandy beige or light tan—with crisp dark spots and subtle lavender or pink undertones along the flanks. The tail pattern is clearly defined, typically with strong contrasting bands. Afghan localities also tend to show a more pronounced dorsal spotting pattern and reduced yellow saturation compared to other leopard gecko populations.
Distribution: Native to arid and rocky habitats across eastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and surrounding border regions.
Habitat: In the wild, Afghan Leopard Geckos inhabit rocky slopes, dry scrublands, and semi-desert environments. They shelter under stones, within burrows, and among rock crevices during the day, becoming active at dusk. In captivity, they thrive in naturalistic terrestrial setups that include rocky décor, hides, and soft substrate for digging.
Behaviour: Like all leopard geckos, Afghan Leopard Geckos are crepuscular and ground-dwelling. They are gentle, hardy, and easily tamed with regular handling. This subspecies is known for being alert and active but calm in disposition, making it suitable for both beginner and experienced keepers.
Captive Care
Enclosure: Provide an adult enclosure of at least 24 inches × 18 inches × 12 inches (60 × 45 × 30 cm) for a single gecko. Naturalistic setups are preferred, using a mix of packed sand, clay, and soil-based substrate to mimic their native terrain. However, some keepers choose alternatives such as reptile carpet, slate, or ceramic tile—particularly for younger geckos—to simplify cleaning and minimize accidental ingestion. Include multiple hides—one on the warm side, one on the cool side, and a humid hide for shedding. Add rocks and décor to replicate their natural habitat.
Temperature & Humidity: Maintain a warm-side surface temperature of 88–92°F (31–33°C) and a cool side around 75–80°F (24–27°C). Ambient air temperature should remain near 82°F (28°C) during the day, with a nighttime drop to 70–74°F (21–23°C). Keep humidity between 30–50%, with a slightly humid hide (60–70%) to support shedding.
Lighting: While leopard geckos do not require UVB to survive, providing a low-output UVB (2–5%) improves overall health, activity, and breeding success. Maintain a consistent 12-hour day/night cycle.
Diet: Offer a varied insect-based diet including crickets, mealworms, dubia roaches, and silkworms. Dust insects with calcium and multivitamin supplements regularly. Feed juveniles daily and adults every 2–3 days.
Behaviour in Captivity: Afghan Leopard Geckos are alert but calm once accustomed to handling. They are most active at dawn and dusk, exploring and hunting. Their natural patterning makes them visually striking in display enclosures.
Special Considerations: Ensure all heat sources are regulated by a thermostat to prevent burns. Avoid overhandling newly acquired individuals until they adjust.
Sand: Addressing Concerns and Misconceptions
Sand remains one of the most debated substrates for leopard geckos. Historically, improper use and inadequate heating led to cases of impaction, sparking long-standing caution within the reptile community. However, modern understanding shows that when used correctly—as part of a compacted, mixed substrate with proper temperatures and nutrition—the risk of impaction is minimal. Issues typically arise from poor husbandry, not the substrate itself. Calcium-based sands should still be avoided, as they encourage ingestion. For very young geckos or rescues, simpler substrates such as tile or reptile carpet are recommended until the animal is well-established.
Taxonomy Note
The Afghan Leopard Gecko (Eublepharis macularius afghanicus) is a naturally occurring subspecies of the Common Leopard Gecko (Eublepharis macularius).
Species Complex: Eublepharis macularius (Leopard Gecko)
Subspecies: Eublepharis macularius afghanicus
This classification distinguishes Afghan populations from the more common E. m. macularius and E. m. montanus, recognizing distinct regional adaptations such as reduced yellow pigmentation, sharper spotting, and more defined banding.
Genetics Note
The Afghan Leopard Gecko represents a natural locality/subspecies rather than a selectively bred morph. While hybridization with domestic morph lines occurs in captivity, true Afghan localities are maintained for their natural colour, crisp contrast, and historical importance in the genetic foundation of modern leopard gecko lines.