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Description
African House Snake (Black)
Scientific Name: Boaedon fuliginosus
Common Name: Black African House Snake
Species Overview
Size: Adult Black African House Snakes typically reach 3–4.5 feet (0.9–1.4 m) in length, with females growing larger and more robust than males. They are smooth-scaled constrictors with a strong, glossy appearance and slightly heavier build than Boaedon capensis.
Appearance: The Black African House Snake is an elegant and visually striking species known for its deep, uniform colouration. The body is jet black to dark chocolate brown with a glossy, almost iridescent sheen that shimmers under light. Some individuals may show faint bronze or blue highlights depending on lighting. The eyes are dark copper to nearly black, blending seamlessly with the surrounding scales. Unlike B. capensis, which often displays visible blotching or patterning, B. fuliginosus exhibits a nearly patternless, smooth appearance, giving it a sleek, mirror-like finish.
Distribution: Found across Central and Western Africa, including countries such as Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Sudan, and Uganda. The species occupies a wider tropical range compared to B. capensis and is well-adapted to warm, humid environments.
Habitat: In the wild, Black African House Snakes inhabit savannas, forest edges, and rural areas, often residing in termite mounds, burrows, or near human dwellings. In captivity, they thrive in moderately warm, semi-humid terrestrial enclosures with secure hides and climbing options.
Behaviour: Calm, intelligent, and adaptable, Boaedon fuliginosus shares the gentle disposition common to other Boaedon species. They are nocturnal hunters that feed primarily on rodents and small vertebrates. In captivity, they are easy to maintain and make excellent display animals due to their bold, glossy appearance and relaxed nature.
Captive Care
Enclosure: Provide an adult enclosure measuring at least 3 feet × 18 inches × 18 inches, though larger is always beneficial. Use soft substrate such as coconut husk, soil blend, or aspen to allow for burrowing. Include multiple hides, climbing décor, and branches for enrichment.
Temperature & Humidity: Maintain a daytime gradient of 78–86°F (25–30°C) with a basking spot near 90°F (32°C). Nighttime temperatures can drop to 70–74°F (21–23°C). Keep humidity moderate between 45–65%, increasing slightly during shedding.
Diet: Offer thawed rodents proportional to the snake’s girth—juveniles every 5–7 days and adults every 10–14 days. These snakes are strong feeders and rarely refuse meals under proper conditions.
Behaviour in Captivity: Black African House Snakes are calm and confident when handled gently. They are active at night and may explore their enclosures after dusk. Their combination of low maintenance needs and elegant appearance makes them a prized addition for both new and experienced keepers.
Special Considerations: These snakes are strong and highly curious—ensure enclosures are well-secured. Avoid excessive basking heat or bright lighting, as darker-coloured snakes absorb warmth quickly.
Taxonomy Note
This species was formerly classified alongside Boaedon capensis within the same taxonomic group but has since been recognized as a distinct species based on modern genetic and morphological studies.
Former Classification: Boaedon capensis (Black Phase)
Current Accepted Name: Boaedon fuliginosus
This reclassification reflects the genetic separation between B. capensis (the Common African House Snake) and B. fuliginosus (the Black African House Snake), confirming that the latter is a separate species with a wider distribution across Central and Western Africa. The distinction is now widely accepted in both herpetological literature and the reptile trade.
Genetics Note
The Black African House Snake represents the naturally dark, high-melanin phenotype of Boaedon fuliginosus. This form is not a morph but a naturally occurring trait expressed consistently across the species’ range. No selectively bred morphs or genetic variations are currently recognized, and colour uniformity remains a defining characteristic of this species.