Black-Throated Monitor (Varanus albigularis microstictus)

Scientific Name: Varanus albigularis microstictus
Common Name: Black-Throated Monitor

Species Overview

Size: Adults typically reach 4–6 feet (1.2–1.8 m) in total length, with robust, muscular bodies and strong tails.

Appearance: The Black-Throated Monitor is characterized by a dark, nearly black throat contrasting with a grey to olive body. The body is heavily built with strong limbs and a long, powerful tail for defense and balance. Juveniles display lighter patterning that fades with age. The scales are keeled, giving a rugged texture.

Distribution: Native to East Africa, particularly Tanzania, Kenya, and surrounding regions.

Habitat: Black-Throated Monitors inhabit savannas, dry forests, and rocky areas. They are semi-arboreal and terrestrial, often found climbing on rocks or low trees. In captivity, they thrive in large enclosures with climbing opportunities, basking platforms, and hiding areas.

Behaviour: This species is diurnal, active, and highly intelligent. They are territorial and can be defensive. Wild-caught individuals may be more aggressive, while captive-bred monitors often acclimate to human presence over time. They are strong climbers and capable runners.

Captive Care

Enclosure: Provide a large, secure enclosure at least 8 feet × 4 feet × 4 feet (2.4 × 1.2 × 1.2 m) for a single adult. Include climbing branches, logs, elevated platforms, and secure hiding spots. Substrate should allow digging and burrowing.

Temperature & Humidity:

• Basking area: 105–110°F (40–43°C)

• Ambient temperature: 85–95°F (29–35°C)

• Night temperatures: 75–80°F (24–27°C)

• Maintain moderate humidity of 50–70%, with a shallow water area for soaking.

Lighting: Provide full-spectrum lighting with high-output UVB (10–12%) on a 12-hour cycle to support metabolism, calcium absorption, and overall health.

Diet: Offer a varied carnivorous diet including rodents, insects, eggs, and occasional small vertebrates. Juveniles require more frequent feedings, while adults can be fed 2–3 times per week. Calcium and vitamin supplementation is recommended.

Behaviour in Captivity: Black-Throated Monitors are alert, active, and exploratory. They enjoy climbing, foraging, and basking. Handling should be cautious due to their strength and defensive behaviour.

Special Considerations: This species is suitable for experienced keepers. Enclosures must be secure, provide vertical and horizontal enrichment, and include heat gradients for thermoregulation.

Taxonomy Note

The Black-Throated Monitor (Varanus albigularis microstictus) is a subspecies of the Rock Monitor (Varanus albigularis), belonging to the Varanidae family. Known for its robust build, intelligence, and distinctive black throat, it is a popular monitor species among experienced keepers.

Genetics Note

There are no recognized morphs or selectively bred variants for the Black-Throated Monitor. Natural variation occurs mainly in shade, throat intensity, and scale patterning.