Photo Disclaimer
Description
Brown Basilisk
Scientific Name: Basiliscus vittatus
Common Name: Brown Basilisk
Species Overview
Size: Adults typically reach 18–24 inches (45–60 cm) in total length, with males considerably larger than females. Males also develop prominent crests on the head, back, and tail.
Appearance: Brown Basilisks are slender, agile lizards with earthy brown to olive tones accented by lighter stripes along the sides and head. Their most iconic feature is their impressive crest system, most pronounced in males. Long limbs and large hind feet make them excellent runners, famously allowing them to sprint short distances across water. Juveniles are more lightly built and display stronger striping.
Distribution: Native to Central America, ranging from Mexico through Panama. Introduced populations also exist in parts of Florida.
Habitat: This species thrives in tropical forests, riverbanks, mangroves, and other humid environments with abundant vegetation and access to water. They are semi-arboreal and often flee by diving into or running across water.
Behaviour: Brown Basilisks are diurnal and highly alert. They are fast-moving, capable climbers, and often skittish in the presence of potential threats. In the wild they feed on insects, small vertebrates, fruit, and aquatic invertebrates. Males are territorial, displaying head bobs and crest flaring during confrontations.
Captive Care
Enclosure: Provide an enclosure at least 48 inches × 24 inches × 48 inches (120 × 60 × 120 cm) for an adult, offering both vertical climbing space and ground area. Include sturdy branches, plants, and cork for hiding. A large water basin is strongly recommended, as many individuals choose to soak or flee into water.
Temperature and Humidity:
Basking area: 90–95°F (32–35°C)
Ambient temperature: 80–85°F (27–29°C)
Night temperatures: 70–75°F (21–24°C)
Humidity should remain 60–80%, with regular misting and access to fresh water.
Lighting: Provide strong full-spectrum lighting with moderate to high UVB (10% recommended) on a 12-hour cycle. Adequate UVB exposure supports bone and metabolic health.
Diet: Offer a mixed diet of live insects such as crickets, roaches, mealworms, silkworms, and occasional hornworms. Supplement with chopped fruits, vegetables, and occasional pinky mice for adults. Use calcium and vitamin supplements regularly.
Behaviour in Captivity: Brown Basilisks are active, fast, and easily startled. They may calm with consistent routine but generally remain skittish. When provided with foliage, climbing areas, and water features, they exhibit a full range of natural behaviours including basking, diving, and rapid vertical climbing.
Special Considerations: This species requires secure enclosures due to its speed and agility. High humidity and clean water sources are essential. Avoid excessive handling, as stress can lead to weakened immunity or appetite issues.
Taxonomy Note
The Brown Basilisk is part of the family Corytophanidae, which includes casque-headed lizards known for their crests and frilled displays. This species is widely recognized for its ability to run across water, earning it the nickname “Jesus Lizard.”
Genetics Note
There are no recognized morphs or selectively bred variants for the Brown Basilisk. Natural variation is limited to differences in crest development, stripe clarity, and subtle tonal changes among individuals and regional populations.