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Description
Indian Sand Boa
Eryx johnii
Common Names: Indian Sand Boa, Red Sand Boa, John’s Sand Boa
Species Overview
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Size: Adults typically measure 2–3.5 feet (60–105 cm), with females usually larger and heavier-bodied than males.
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Appearance: Indian sand boas are thick-bodied with small, blunt heads and a short, rounded tail that resembles the head. Their scales are smooth and shiny, usually reddish-brown to copper or chocolate, sometimes with speckling. This mimicry helps confuse predators and prey.
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Distribution: Native to India, Pakistan, Iran, and surrounding regions.
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Habitat: Found in arid scrublands, semi-deserts, and dry forests, preferring loose soil, sandy terrain, or rocky crevices where they can burrow.
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Behaviour: A fossorial (burrowing) species, spending most of its life underground. Nocturnal ambush predator that feeds on small mammals, birds, lizards, and occasionally other snakes.
Captive Care
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Enclosure: A secure enclosure with ample floor space rather than height. For adults, a 36″ × 18″ × 12″ enclosure is sufficient. Provide deep, loose substrate such as sand-soil mixes or aspen to allow burrowing, along with secure hides.
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Temperature & Humidity: Maintain a gradient of 78–82°F (25–28°C) with a basking area of 88–90°F (31–32°C). Nighttime drops to 72–75°F (22–24°C) are acceptable. Humidity should remain relatively low, 40–60%, with a dry substrate and a water bowl available.
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Diet: In captivity, Indian sand boas are typically fed rodents of appropriate size every 10–14 days. Care must be taken not to overfeed, as this species is prone to obesity.
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Behaviour in Captivity: Generally calm and slow-moving, sand boas tolerate handling well compared to many boas. They spend much of their time hidden, often burrowing with only the head exposed.
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Special Considerations: Due to their fossorial nature, they require deep substrate and should not be kept on bare enclosures or newspaper long-term.
Species Note
The Indian Sand Boa (Eryx johnii) is not part of the Boa constrictor group but belongs to the genus Eryx, commonly known as Old World sand boas. They are highly valued for their unusual appearance and docile nature. In the wild, they play an important role in controlling rodent populations.