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Description
Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snake
Scientific Name: Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus
Common Name: Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snake
Species Overview
Size: Adults typically reach 2–3 feet (0.6–0.9 m) in length, with a slender body and keeled scales that give a lightly textured appearance.
Appearance: The Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snake is an exceptionally beautiful subspecies distinguished by its deep black body and vibrant red lateral spotting. The central dorsal stripe is typically bright yellow, orange, or cream, running the length of the body and contrasting sharply with the darker base. Red or crimson spots line the sides between the scales, giving the species its name. The head is black with faint red or orange highlights, and the underside is often blue-grey or checkered. This striking combination of colours and clean striping makes it one of the most eye-catching garter snakes in North America.
Distribution: Native to the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, particularly western Oregon and parts of northern California.
Habitat: Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snakes inhabit wetlands, meadows, and grassy areas near rivers, ponds, and marshes. In captivity, they thrive in naturalistic terrariums with soft substrate, climbing décor, and secure hiding areas, along with a large water dish for soaking.
Behaviour: These snakes are diurnal and highly active. They are alert, quick-moving, and often curious about activity outside their enclosure. Once accustomed to handling, they are calm and interactive, making them rewarding and engaging snakes to keep.
Captive Care
Enclosure: Provide an enclosure at least 3 feet × 18 inches × 18 inches for adults. Include multiple hides, rocks, and branches for climbing. Use a soft, absorbent substrate such as soil, coconut fibre, or cypress mulch. A large, clean water dish should always be available for soaking.
Temperature & Humidity: Maintain a daytime gradient of 75–85°F (24–29°C) with a basking area near 88°F (31°C). Allow nighttime drops to 68–72°F (20–22°C). Maintain humidity between 55–70%, ensuring fresh water is always available.
Diet: Offer a varied diet that includes thawed rodents, earthworms, fish (avoid high-thiaminase species), and frogs. While these snakes can adapt to rodent-only diets, they thrive best when fed a natural, varied selection of foods. Due to their fast metabolism, juveniles should be fed every 2–3 days and adults every 3–5 days.
Behaviour in Captivity: Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snakes are inquisitive and active, spending much of the day exploring or basking. They adjust well to regular handling and remain visually striking display animals in well-planted enclosures.
Special Considerations: These snakes may be housed singly or in small groups, but careful observation is required during feeding. Always supervise or separate individuals during mealtime to prevent accidental bites or food competition.
Genetics Note
The Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snake exhibits natural colour variation, with some individuals showing brighter red spotting and others displaying stronger yellow or orange dorsal stripes. No established morphs exist for this subspecies, though selective breeding has refined certain lineages to emphasize increased contrast or saturation of red and yellow pigments.
Species Summary
The Oregon Red Spotted Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus) is one of the most valued and visually distinct garter snakes in North America. Its brilliant red spotting, active nature, and adaptability make it a captivating choice for keepers who enjoy lively, diurnal snakes that thrive on a natural, varied diet and frequent interaction.